Ordos Yellow River Catfish [Special Product of Ordos, Inner Mongolia]

What is Ordos Yellow River Catfish? Authentic specialty of Ordos, Inner Mongolia: Ordos Yellow River Catfish

Summary:Do you want to know what Ordos Yellow River Catfish is? This article is a detailed introduction to the special product of Ordos, Inner Mongolia - Ordos Yellow River Catfish. It was compiled and edited by the editorial team of China Specialty Network after reviewing and collecting relevant information about Ordos Yellow River Catfish. The full text takes about 12 minutes to read, mainly including the basic introduction of Ordos Yellow River Catfish and the product characteristics of Ordos Yellow River Catfish? Wait

Basic Introduction of Ordos Yellow River Catfish

Although the Yellow River Catfish is ugly and fierce, it is known for its delicious taste, abundant meat with few spines, and tender meat. The Yellow River Catfish has high nutritional value and is a nutritious supplement for children, the elderly, pregnant women, and patients. It is a top-notch dish on banquet tables and is highly favored by consumers. In May of the lunar calendar, it is the season when peas bloom, and the catfish is the fattest. In the western part of our region, there is a saying that "May catfish live ginseng" has been a high price for many years; Yellow River catfish also has certain medicinal value. Catfish meat has medicinal value such as promoting lactation and treating edema and insufficient milk. The most fragrant and beautiful part of a catfish is its tail. The Hetao people say, "Catfish tail and carp head, it's better to give up a cow than a carp head." This shows how precious catfish tail and carp head are in people's hearts, especially during the opening season of the Yellow River Basin in Inner Mongolia from March to April when the ice and snow melt. People call the caught fish "Kaihe fish", and at that time, the identity of Yellow River catfish doubled, with a price of over 200 yuan per kilogram of fish. The locals eat a Yellow River 'Kaihe fish' which is equivalent to eating a live ginseng; The saying goes, 'May's sponge fish is called live ginseng.'. It can prolong life

Natural ecological environment and cultural historical factors

Geological conditions

The Ordos Plateau was formed in the mid Tertiary period. During the Himalayan orogeny, the Ordos Plateau rapidly rose, and later its western part sank and formed a north-south oriented Ordos Basin. The geological structure is the same as that of the entire Hetao Plain, belonging to a narrow and long graben basin of subsidence type. Modern landforms are mainly formed by sedimentation of sediment and other materials carried by floods and the Yellow River. The altitude is 1000-1100 meters, the terrain is flat, and the water and heat conditions are excellent. The soil types in this region can be divided into four types: meadow soil, swamp soil, saline alkali soil, and sandy soil, with meadow soil being the main type. The organic matter content in the soil of the entire Yellow River alluvial plain is around 1%, the total nitrogen content is 0.05%, the available phosphorus content is 12 ppm, and the available potassium content is 228 ppm

Hydrological conditions

The total area of the four banners along the Yellow River in Ordos is 419154.73 hectares, with an existing pond area of approximately 3109 hectares. The main water used for aquaculture is from the Yellow River, with a small amount supplied to groundwater. The water quality in the Ordos section of the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia is weakly alkaline. The average values monitored in recent years are: pH 8.16, chloride ion 3.24moml/l, sulfate ion 2.69mml/l, total alkalinity 3.59mml/l, total hardness 5.92moml/l, and salinity of about 0.63 ‰

Climate Situation

Ordos City belongs to a typical temperate continental climate, with abundant sunshine, distinct four seasons, short frost free period, low precipitation, and uneven spatial and temporal distribution levels. There are significant changes in winter and summer temperatures. The annual sunshine duration ranges from 2716.4 hours to 3193.9 hours. The annual average temperature is 5.3 ℃ -8.7 ℃, with an average monthly minimum temperature of -10 ℃ -13 ℃. The average temperature in July is 21 ℃ -25 ℃, with a daily maximum temperature of 38 ℃ and a daily minimum temperature of -31.4 ℃. The daily temperature difference throughout the year is 11 ℃ -15 ℃, with an annual difference of 45 ℃ -50 ℃. The average annual precipitation is 348.3 millimeters, with precipitation mostly concentrated in July, August, and September, accounting for about 70% of the annual precipitation. The precipitation in the eastern region ranges from 300 millimeters to 400 millimeters, while the precipitation in the western region ranges from 190 millimeters to 350 millimeters. The evaporation rate is high, with an annual evaporation rate of 2000-3000mm. Throughout the year, westerly and northwesterly winds prevail, with an average annual wind speed of 3.6 meters per second and a maximum wind speed of 22 meters per second. The maximum wind pressure is 0.6 kilonewtons per square meter. The frost free period is 130-160 days

Regional Scope

The Yellow River catfish in Ordos is mainly distributed along the Yellow River in Dalate Banner, Hangjin Banner, Zhungeer Banner, and Etoke Banner, with geographical coordinates between 106 ° 41 ′ -110 ° 27 ′ E longitude and 38 ° 18 ′ -40 ° 52 ′ N. The total area of the protected area is 419154.73 hectares, and the annual yield is 50000 kilograms

1. External sensory characteristics: The Yellow River catfish has a slender body, a wide front part, and a flattened back part; The head is large and round, the kiss is slanted vertically, and the eyes are very small; One pair of jaw whiskers and chin whiskers, with the jaw whiskers extending backwards beyond the pectoral fins; Shallow mouth fissure, middle upper position; The back is yellow brown, the sides are light in color, with irregular gray brown stripes, and the abdomen is gray white. A pair of jawbones and chin bones, with the jawbones being extra long and extending backwards beyond the posterior edge of the pectoral fins, and the chin bones being short. There are two pairs of nostrils, with the anterior nostril in a tubular shape and the posterior nostril in a cleft shape. The two pairs of nostrils are far apart. The significant feature of Lanzhou catfish is that it has two plow bone teeth; The number of dorsal fins is 78 or more; Extremely small eye diameter; The body surface is yellow brown with irregular pigmentation; The dorsal fin is small, without hard spines, and the second fin is the longest. The Yellow River catfish is very different from the catfish ponds in the south. The Yellow River catfish has a large flat head, wide eyes, two whiskers, a blood basin, a large mouth full of sharp teeth, a brownish body, a soft and plump belly, and a very powerful tail

2. Intrinsic quality indicators: Yellow River catfish is known for its delicious taste, abundant meat with few thorns, and tender flesh. Yellow River catfish has high nutritional value and is a nutritional supplement for children, the elderly, pregnant women, and patients. It is a top-notch delicacy on banquet tables and is highly favored by consumers. In the lunar calendar of May, it is the season when peas bloom, and catfish are the fattest. In the western part of our region, there is a saying that "May catfish live ginseng" has been a high price for many years; Yellow River catfish also has certain medicinal value, and catfish meat is beneficial for promoting lactation and other medicinal values. It is mainly used for treating edema and insufficient milk. The most fragrant and beautiful part of a catfish is its tail. The Hetao people say, "Catfish tail and carp head, it's better to give up a cow than a carp head." This shows how precious catfish tail and carp head are in people's hearts, especially during the opening season of the Yellow River Basin in Inner Mongolia, when the ice and snow melt, people call the fish caught "Kaihe fish". At that time, the identity of Yellow River catfish doubled, and the price per kilogram of fish was over 200 yuan. The locals eat a Yellow River 'Kaihe fish' which is equivalent to eating a live ginseng; The saying 'May's soft fish is called live ginseng' can prolong life. The moisture content in the fresh sample is 81.4-84.1%, the protein content is 13.5-14.6%, the fat content is 1.8-2.5%, the sodium content is 38.7-78.5 mg/100g, the calcium content is 6.6-9.4mg/100g, the copper content is 0.34-0.47 mg/Kg, the zinc content is 7.0-7.5mg/Kg, the iron content is 0.52-1.2 mg/100g, and the manganese content is 0.01-0.02 mg/100g

3. Quality and safety requirements: 3.1 Quarantine: Individuals who carry infectious diseases, protozoa, and pathogens of infectious diseases, protozoa, and monogenetic flukes with serious harm shall not be used as commercial fish. 3.2 In order to ensure the quality of the Yellow River catfish in Ordos and facilitate long-distance transportation, there should be appropriate feeding time before the adult fish are put on the market; When the water temperature is above 16 ℃, it should be at least 7 days; When the water temperature is between 16 ℃ and 25 ℃, it should be at least 5 days to 3 days; When the water temperature is above 25 ℃, it should be at least 2 days