Lu's Chicken [Henan Lu's Specialty]

What is Lushi chicken? Authentic Henan Lushi specialty: Lushi chicken

Content summary:Do you want to know what Lushi chicken is? This article is a detailed introduction toHenan Lushi specialty - Lushi chicken. It was compiled and edited by the editorial team of China Specialty Network after reviewing and collecting relevant information about Lushi chicken. The full text takes about 13 minutes to read, mainly including the basic introduction of Lushi chicken and its nutritional value? What are the product features of Lushi chicken? How did the history of Lu's chicken come about? Lu's chicken awards and honors

Basic introduction of Lushi chicken

Lushi chicken is one of the three major local high-quality chickens in Henan (the other two are Henan Gushi chicken and Henan Zhengyang Sanhuang chicken), and is an ancient chicken breed suitable for mountain free range. Lu's chicken is lightweight, has strong foraging ability, and is resistant to rough feeding. Its living habits are very similar to wild chickens, and the quality of its meat and eggs is excellent. As early as the 1980s, the poultry and egg production in Lushi County accounted for one-third of the original Luoyang area. Lushi chickens were stable due to their high egg production, and some laying hens produced green shell eggs, which were included in the "China Livestock and Poultry Breeds Chronicles". In 2001, the local variety was included in the Henan Province Livestock and Poultry Variety Resource Protection List. Lushi chicken green shell has thick egg white and orange red yolk. After testing, it has been found to have "three highs and one low": high zinc, high iodine, high selenium, and low cholesterol. It is known as the "ginseng in eggs". In May 2006, Lushi chicken and its products became geographical indication products under national origin protection. In December 2006, it obtained the certification of origin for pollution-free agricultural products in Henan Province, and in June 2007, it obtained the certification of pollution-free agricultural products in Henan Province. At present, the product has been certified as organic food by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of China

Origin Environment

Lushi County, Henan Province, is located at the eastern end of the Qinling Mountains. It is bordered by Xiaoshan in the north, Xiong'er Mountain in the middle, and Funiu Mountain in the south, spanning the entire area. With Xiong'er Mountain as the watershed, it belongs to the Yellow River Basin in the north and the Yangtze River Basin in the south. There are 4037 large and small mountain peaks and more than 2400 rivers in the area, including the Luo River, Qi River, Guan River, etc. It is known as the "Eight Mountains, One Water, One Field". The special geographical location and favorable natural environment make Lushi County a treasure trove of animal and plant resources. According to surveys, there are 1225 types of Chinese herbal medicines growing in the county, known as the "three-step one medicine". There are 52 species in 10 categories of mineral deposits. In the southwestern mountainous area of the county, there are still ginkgo biloba, which is known as a plant fossil, as well as rare animals and plants such as the national second-class protected animal giant salamander. It is the best area for development and breeding

Quality and technical requirements

(1) Management measures

Combination of ecological breeding and house feeding cultivation

1. House feeding cultivation: House feeding cultivation of chicks aged 1 to 6 weeks

(1) Temperature: 36 ℃ to 34 ℃ in the first week, then decrease by 2 ℃ to 3 ℃ every week thereafter, and gradually decrease to outdoor temperature by the sixth week

(2) Humidity: 60% to 70% for ages 1 to 42 days

(3) Light: 1-3 days old, 23 hours of light exposure; 4 to 7 days old, 20 hours of photo time; The light intensity is 20 lux. Reduce light exposure by 2 hours per week after 2 weeks of age, with an intensity of 5 to 10 lux. After 6 weeks of age, natural light is used

(4) Drinking water: Within one week of entering the house, the chicks are supplied with warm water. In the first two days, 5% glucose and other nutrient solutions are added to the drinking water. The water temperature should be consistent with room temperature, and sufficient and clean drinking water should be maintained

(5) Feeding and Feeding: Chickens should be fed after drinking enough water for 2 hours. They should be fed on a feeding tray or paper for the first 3 days, and then switched to a feeding trough or bucket after 1 week. Feed 4 to 6 times a day

(6) Feed: The crude protein content is 18% to 20%, and the metabolic energy is 11.50 to 12.30 megajoules per kilogram

(7) Density: 25 to 30 per square meter

2. Ecological aquaculture: Ecological aquaculture is implemented from 7 weeks of age to the point of slaughter

(1) Breeding site selection: Keep at least 1000 meters away from the main road; Convenient transportation, open area, high and dry terrain, sunny and well ventilated, excellent water quality, and good vegetation; Stay at least 1000 meters away from other breeding areas, slaughter and processing sites, and other contaminated areas

(2) Chicken coop construction: Avoid building in cold, low-lying, and damp places. Ventilation, rain prevention, moisture prevention, and pest control. A sunshade (rain shelter) must be built in front of the house

(3) Drinking water: Maintain sufficient and clean drinking water

(4) Feed: a combination of natural feed and compound feed. Natural feed: grains, insects, wild grass, fruits, soil and water, etc; Compound feed: with a crude protein content of 15% to 17% and a metabolic energy of 11.40 to 12.20 megajoules per kilogram

(5) Feeding: Feed 3 times a day. Free eating. Fixed summoning method, pay attention to size and strength grouping

(6) Density: less than 50 per 100 square meters, and less than 500 per group

3. Selling: 130 to 150 days old

4. Disease prevention and control: Strengthen feeding management, implement full in and full out; Maintain good environmental hygiene and strictly disinfect; Strengthen immunity, use drugs rationally, and avoid drug residues

(II) Quality characteristics

1. Physical appearance: Small in size, sturdy and compact, with a full hindquarters, a truncated cone shape, and long legs; Feathers are tightly attached, with roosters predominantly red and black, and hens mostly linen colored; Beak and shin are greenish gray

2. Weight: Roosters weigh 1.5kg to 1.7kg, hens weigh 1.3kg to 1.5kg

3. Meat products: high protein, low fat, fresh and tender meat, with a special aroma, rich nutrition, and no pollution. Protein content ≥ 22%, total amino acid content ≥ 18%, fat content ≥ 2.2%. Among them, glutamic acid is ≥ 2.4%, inosine acid is ≥ 0.35%, and the relative content of essential fatty acids is ≥ 25%

Lushi chicken is fresh and tender in quality, delicious in taste, and rich in aroma, making it an ideal natural green food; The eggs produced by Lu's chicken come in two types: green green and pink white. The yolk accounts for 35% of the whole egg, which is significantly higher than that of ordinary chickens. In particular, green shell eggs have the characteristics of "three highs and one low", namely high selenium, high zinc, high iodine, and low cholesterol, and are therefore known as the "ginseng of eggs". From 1968 to 1980, Lu's fresh eggs consistently ranked first in the Luoyang region in terms of export volume

The Lushi chicken belongs to the small egg and meat dual-purpose chicken breed, with a sturdy and compact body shape, well-developed hindquarters, tightly attached feathers, slender neck, straight back, tightly attached wings, upturned tail, long legs, and mostly a single crown, with a few phoenix crowns. The beak is mainly blue, with less yellow and pink. Lu's chicken legs are mostly blue. The feathers of Gonglu chicken are mainly red and black, accounting for 80%, followed by white and yellow. Mother Lu's chickens are mostly hemp colored, accounting for 52%, divided into yellow hemp, black hemp, and red hemp, followed by white chickens and black chickens. Adult Lushi chickens weigh 1700 grams male and 1110 grams female. The slaughter rate at 180 days of age is 79.7% for semi clean barrels and 75.0% for fully clean barrels. Lu's chicken has a laying age of 170 days and produces 110-150 eggs per year. The eggs weigh 47 grams and the eggshells are reddish brown and blue, with reddish brown accounting for 96.4%

The history of Lu's chicken can be traced back to the Zhou Dynasty. According to historical records, as early as the Zhou Dynasty, a chicken official was specially established for the purpose of worshipping grand rituals. At that time, Guo State, where Lu's County was located, was a vassal state of the Zhou Dynasty. Lu's County was located between Haojing (now Xi'an) and Luoyi (now Luoyang), about 300 kilometers away from the two places. In 1959, the archaeology department of Henan Province and the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found chicken fossils in Lushi and surrounding areas, which shows that Lushi chicken breeding has a long history. For thousands of years, through generations of domestication by predecessors and its own evolution and breeding, the population characteristics of the Lu's chicken have become increasingly evident, and regional features have gradually formed

Awards and honors of Lushi chicken

In 1983, Lushi chicken was included in the Henan volume of the "China Livestock and Poultry Excellent Variety Chronicles"; In 2001, it was listed as a scientific research project by the Henan Association for Science and Technology, and in November of the same year, it was included in the "Henan Province Livestock and Poultry Variety Resource Protection List" by the Henan Provincial Animal Husbandry Bureau. In 2003, it was included in the "List of Conservation of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources in China". Geographical indication products protected by national origin in May 2006. In December 2006, it obtained the certification of origin for pollution-free agricultural products in Henan Province, and in June 2007, it obtained the certification of pollution-free agricultural products in Henan Province. In 2008, the product was certified as organic food by Beijing Wuzhou Hengtong Certification Co., Ltd. authorized by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine